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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlem | om jamle |
| 2SG: | jamlet | ot jamle |
| 3SG: | jamla | ok/ogeš jamle |
| 1PL: | jamlena | ona/ogə̑na jamle |
| 2PL: | jamleda | oda/ogə̑da jamle |
| 3PL: | jamlat | ogə̑t jamle |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m jamle |
| 2SG: | jamlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jamle |
| 3SG: | jamlə̑š | ə̑š jamle |
| 1PL: | jamlə̑šna | ə̑šna jamle |
| 2PL: | jamlə̑šda | ə̑šda jamle |
| 3PL: | jamlə̑št | ə̑št jamle |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlenam | jamlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jamlenat | jamlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jamlen | jamlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jamlenna | jamlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jamlenda | jamlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jamlenə̑t | jamlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlem ə̑l'e | om jamle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jamlet ə̑l'e | ot jamle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jamla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jamle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jamlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jamle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jamleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jamle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jamlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jamle ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlem ulmaš | om jamle ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jamlet ulmaš | ot jamle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jamla ulmaš | ok/ogeš jamle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jamlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jamle ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jamleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jamle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jamlat ulmaš | ogə̑t jamle ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlenam ə̑l'e | jamlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jamlenat ə̑l'e | jamlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jamlen ə̑l'e | jamlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jamlenna ə̑l'e | jamlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jamlenda ə̑l'e | jamlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jamlen ə̑l'e | jamlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlenam ulmaš | jamlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jamlenat ulmaš | jamlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jamlen ulmaš | jamlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jamlenna ulmaš | jamlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jamlenda ulmaš | jamlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jamlen ulmaš | jamlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jamle | it jamle |
| 3SG: | jamlə̑že | ə̑nže jamle |
| 1PL: | (jamlena) | (ona/ogə̑na jamle) |
| 2PL: | jamlə̑za | ida jamle |
| 3PL: | jamlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jamle |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlə̑nem | ə̑nem jamle |
| 2SG: | jamlə̑net | ə̑net jamle |
| 3SG: | jamlə̑neže | ə̑než jamle |
| 1PL: | jamlə̑nena | ə̑nena jamle |
| 2PL: | jamlə̑neda | ə̑neda jamle |
| 3PL: | jamlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt jamle |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jamlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jamle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jamlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jamle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jamlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jamle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jamlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jamle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jamlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jamle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jamlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jamle ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jamlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net jamle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jamlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než jamle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jamlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda jamle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jamlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jamle ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jamlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jamlə̑man |
| Active participle: | jamlə̑še |
| Passive participle: | jamlə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jamlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | jamlə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jamlen |
| Negative gerund: | jamlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | jamlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jamlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jamlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jamlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | jamlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||